Under these conditions, she played over 1,300 public programs in England and Europe throughout her long career. Together, they encouraged Johannes Brahms and maintained a close relationship with him. On the evening of 3 May, Robert and Clara heard that the revolution against King Frederick Augustus II of Saxony for not accepting the "constitution for a German Confederation" had arrived in Dresden. Encyclopedia.com gives you the ability to cite reference entries and articles according to common styles from the Modern Language Association (MLA), The Chicago Manual of Style, and the American Psychological Association (APA). He believed that the artist, through physical and emotional performance, interpreted music for the audience. Made performance debut at age nine (1828); during an extended tour in Austria, awarded the honorary position of chamber musician (K.k. As it was customary to play one's own compositions, she included at least one of her own works in every program, such as Variations on a Theme by Bellini (Op. The Schumann children. [17][18] From then on, the couple maintained a joint musical and personal diary of their life together. In 1838 she was honoured by the Austrian court and also was elected to the prestigious Society of the Friends of Music (Gesellschaft der Musikfreunde) in Vienna. Among Clara Schumann's family members only her parents, her siblings and half siblings (both paternal and maternal) are listed. Daughter of Robert Schumann and Clara Josephine Schumann Wife of Vittorio Amadeo Radicati di Marmorito Mother of Eduardo Radicati di Marmorito and Roberto Radicati di Marmorito Sister of Maria Schumann; . Siblings and halfsiblings - Schumann-Portal [12] Franz Grillparzer, Austria's leading dramatic poet, wrote a poem entitled "Clara Wieck and Beethoven" after hearing her perform Beethoven's Appassionata sonata during one of these recitals. She was invited to play in a London Philharmonic Society[a] concert by conductor William Sterndale Bennett, a good friend of Robert's. Clara Schumann (Clara Josephine Wieck) was born on 13 September, 1819 in Leipzig, Kingdom of Saxony [now Saxony, Germany], is a Soundtrack, Music Department, Composer. In March 1854, Brahms, Joachim, Albert Dietrich, and Julius Otto Grimm spent time with Clara Schumann, playing music for her and with her to divert her mind from the tragedy. Five-year-old Clara remained with her father while Mariane and Bargiel eventually moved to Berlin, limiting contact between Clara and her mother to written letters and occasional visits. . As a flourishing composer's wife, she was limited in her own explorations. In, Gates, Eugene. Marriage Diaries of Robert and Clara Schumann. She died in Frankfurt, Germany. Among her 68 known students who made a musical career were Natalia Janotha, Fanny Davies, Nanette Falk, Amina Goodwin, Carl Friedberg, Leonard Borwick, Ilona Eibenschtz, Adelina de Lara, Marie Olson and Mary Wurm. Power woman of classical music: Clara Schumann - DW - 09/13/2019 Harding, Bertita. She travelled extensively and performed before sold-out audiences and received extravagant praise from the critics. During the years 1832 to 1835, Robert Schumann composed some of his greatest works. The family, including Clara Schumann, was profoundly shocked by her death. Her collection of 1,299 concert programs spanning her career from 1828 to 1891 is an . "[25] In May 1853, they heard Joachim play the solo part in Beethoven's Violin Concerto. Despite this slow start, she proved to be an intelligent child, and Wieck, a brilliant, creative teacher whose methods continue to hold interest for piano pedagogues, wanted to use her musical gifts to validate his pedagogical approach. Clara Schumann - Musician - Music database - Radio Swiss Classic [47] Later that year she played Beethoven's Fourth Piano Concerto (with her own cadenzas) with Joachim conducting the same orchestra, again to great acclaim. Emilie und Elise List - Schumann-Portal ")[6][7] Her musical studies came largely at the expense of her broader general education, although she still studied religion and languages under her father's control of the family. At the same time, she bridled if he attempted to change or revise a piece. Clara Schumann wrote her first music while still a child, but as she grew older she found less time and energy for composing. Brahms later thought to publish them anonymously, but eventually they were issued as his four Ballades, Op. [6][49], Clara Schumann suffered a stroke on 26 March 1896, and died on 20 May at age 76. NY: Books and Music USA, pp. [49][50] She had chosen Frankfurt among offers from Stuttgart, Hannover, and Berlin, because the director, Joachim Raff, had accepted her conditions: she could not teach more than 1-1/2 hours per day, was free to teach at her home, and had four months of vacation and time off for short tours in winter. [6], In the early 1840s the Schumanns were interested in the works of Franz Liszt and his young composer friends of what eventually became known as the New German School,[76] but in the second half of the decade they both became openly hostile toward Liszt[77] because of their more musically conservative outlook and beliefs,[78] Clara more so than Robert, as she had long been the more conservative aesthete in the Schumann marriage. She also studied languages in preparation for an international concert career. Clara Schumann (ne Clara Josephine Wieck; 13 September 1819 - 20 May 1896) was a German musician and composer, considered one of the most distinguished pianists of the Romantic era. In her early years, her repertoire, selected by her father, was showy and in the style common to the time, with works by Friedrich Kalkbrenner, Adolf von Henselt, Sigismond Thalberg, Henri Herz, Johann Peter Pixis, Carl Czerny and her own compositions. Marie also dissuaded her mother from continuing to burn letters that she had received from Brahms which he had asked her to destroy. Though family responsibilities curtailed her career, she taught at the Leipzig Conservatory, composed, and toured frequently. [2] Clara's parents had irreconcilable differences, in part due to her father's unyielding nature. She spent her childhood studying piano . [59], Their oldest child Marie was of great support and help to her mother, taking the position of household cook. Therefore, that information is unavailable for most Encyclopedia.com content. When Clara was eleven years old her brother fell off the roof of a . She married the composer Robert Schumann, and the couple had eight children. Ccilie was always so nice to me, so attentive, although she is already so old and actually in need of care. Clara wrote that "composing gives me great pleasure there is nothing that surpasses the joy of creation, if only because through it one wins hours of self-forgetfulness, when one lives in a world of sound". The daughter of a well-known singer in Leipzig, Clara took daily lessons in piano, violin, and music composition. Although these composers represent the standard repertoire today, in Schumann's era some were "modern," representing the avant-garde. That she was probably a little jealous of Clara can be gleaned from her memoirs Aus dem Kreise Wieck-Schumann [From the Circle of the Wiecks and the Schumanns].Wieck, Ccilie (18341893), half-sisterClaras second half-sister from the marriage of Friedrich Wieck and Clementine Fechner was mentally ill from the age of 16. 211227. Mr. Wieck was a piano teacher of high repute. Voreingestellt werden nur zulssige Cookies, fr die wir keine Einwilligung bentigen. Several films have focused on Schumann's life, the earliest being Trumerei (Dreaming) of 1944. 1854). Women in World History: A Biographical Encyclopedia. 22 (1853), inspired by her husband's birthday. George Bernard Shaw, the leading playwright and also a music critic, wrote that the Popular Concerts helped greatly to spread and enlighten musical taste in England. "[70] Her husband also expressed concern about the effect on her composing output: Clara has composed a series of small pieces, which show a musical and tender ingenuity such as she has never attained before. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. Her husband, renowned German composer Robert Schumann, died in 1856. Who are Bruno Mars' siblings? Regarded as one of the most distinguished pianists of the Romantic era, she exerted her influence over the course of a 61-year concert career, changing the format and repertoire of the piano recital by lessening the importance of purely virtuosic works. In 1859, Ferdinand Hiller appointed him teacher of piano and music theory at the Cologne Conservatoire. Discover Clara Schumann's Biography, Age, Height, Physical Stats, Dating/Affairs, Family and career updates. She wrote her Piano Concerto in A minor at age 14, with some help from her future husband. She cannot work at it regularly, and I am often disturbed to think how many profound ideas are lost because she cannot work them out. There, he noted that Marie was silly, stupid and lazy [], like Clara]. Schumann famously rescued her children from violence during the May Uprising in Dresden in 1849. Clara Schumann gladly gave her lessons when she was staying in London or Clementine was on holiday in Baden-Baden. Another female composer from the same era whose work was also criminally suppressed was Clara Schumann (ne Clara Wieck in Leipzig in 1819). [22] Robert Schumann died two days later, on 29 July 1856. In 1857, she was appointed chamber virtuoso to the Court of Hohenzollern. Brahms received from him a letter of introduction to Robert Schumann, and thus presented himself at the Schumanns' home in Dsseldorf. Brahms dedicated the variations to both Schumanns, hoping that Robert would be released soon and rejoined with his family. Edited by Jane Bowers and Judith Tick. [26], Over her career, Schumann gave over 238 concerts with Joachim in Germany and Britain, more than with any other artist. Weiteren funktionellen Cookies knnen Sie unten auf dieser Seite durch Anwhlen von "Ja" zustimmen. Most of the time, her days were devoted to studying the piano, with lessons also in theory, harmony, counterpoint, composition, singing, score reading and violin. She made tours of northern Germany in 1835, at age 16, and Leipzig also had an exceptional musical season that year, with visits by both Mendelssohn and Chopin. Clara Schumann | Encyclopedia.com During that tour, the violinist Niccol Paganini, who was also in Paris, offered to appear with her. B. Zerbini usually played on the same concert programs. Finding an orchestra, another of the tasks required of a performer, sometimes proved daunting, so she dispensed with the custom. Kammervirtuosin), generally reserved for much older performers. Concerto: The Story of Clara Schumann. Marie was thrust into the role of replacement mother to her siblings, a role she'd fulfill for the rest of her life. On April 28, 1833, she played part of a Schumann symphony, a first in the Leipzig Gewandhaus. Like her father, Clara Schumann was an excellent teacher; she mothered her students and followed their careers with great interest. [8], She often took charge of finances and general household affairs. 99 No. Despite these infirmities, she continued to perform; her last public appearance would be in March 1891. [19], In February 1854, Robert Schumann had a mental collapse, attempted suicide, and was admitted, at his request, to a sanatorium in the village of Endenich near Bonn, where he stayed for the last two years of his life. [29] Robert published an article highly lauding Brahms, and Clara wrote in the diary that Brahms "seemed as if sent straight from God". 1851) and Felix (b. [95] Schumann was more impressed, however, with the early First Symphony in F minor by Richard Strauss;[11] this was before Strauss began composing the highly programmatic music for which he later became famous. Women in World History: A Biographical Encyclopedia. 15-year-old Clara Wieck in 1835. Clara was still only nine when she met Robert Schumann at the home of friends. "[12] Chopin described her playing to Franz Liszt, who came to hear one of Wieck's concerts and subsequently praised her extravagantly in a letter that was published in the Parisian Revue et Gazette Musicale and later, in translation, in the Leipzig journal Neue Zeitschrift fr Musik. 1843); Julie (b. 1845 March 11, 1845. i. Sep 13, 2019. She turned to including compositions by Baroque composers such as Domenico Scarlatti and Johann Sebastian Bach, but performed especially contemporary music by Chopin, Mendelssohn and her husband, whose music did not attain popularity until the 1850s. Clara Schumann: The Overlooked Romantic Composer You Need To Know She promoted his works tirelessly throughout her life. Diese Cookies ermglichen es uns, Ihre Nutzung der Website zu analysieren, um deren Leistung zu bewerten und zu verbessern. Clara was 35, Brahms 21, she famous, he rather more infamous. Because each style has its own formatting nuances that evolve over time and not all information is available for every reference entry or article, Encyclopedia.com cannot guarantee each citation it generates. Both of them wrote piano manuals according to Wiecks method. [31] She hired a housekeeper and a cook to keep house while she was away on her long tours. Her career as a pianist took her to many European countries, such as to Switzerland in 1851, to Vienna and Italy in 1855, to Britain in 1864/65, to Russia in 1870, and to Scandinavia in 1879. John Haag , Associate Professor of History, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia. [57] In 1879, their son Felix died aged 24. When Clara was nine, her father remarried, and her stepmother proved to be kind and loving. 1841); Elise (b. To support her family, Clara Schumann went back to extended touring, eager now to bring Robert's music to the world. Robert meanwhile did not give up his suit, and met her in secret. She gave some advice about the Adagio, which he took to heart. Young. As a child prodigy, Clara Wieck Schumann had become quite a sensation in Europe by the time she reached her mid-teens. She edited the publication of her husband's work. . In 1854, Robert was hospitalized after attempting suicide, and he died in 1856 without regaining his mental health. 626627. Watch on. The controversy eventually died down, but Clara Schumann remained steadfast in her disapproval of the New German School's music during her lifetime. She was married to the composer Robert Schumann, and the pair had seven young children. 09/13/2019. "I think I played fresher than ever", she wrote to Brahms, "What I liked very much about the concert was that I was able to give Woldemar the direction of it, who had longed for such an opportunity for years. [58] In 1891, their son Ferdinand died at the age of 41, leaving his children to her care. Clara Schumann ne Clara Wieck (1819 - 1896) was a German composer-pianist and wife to Robert Schumann. Clara Wieck (1835) . Die von uns eingesetzten und einsetzbaren Cookies stellen wir Ihnen unter dem Link Cookie-Einstellungen in derDatenschutzerklrungvor. A 2008 film, Geliebte Clara (Beloved Clara), was directed by Helma Sanders-Brahms. Schumann, Clara (1819-1896) | Encyclopedia.com She wrote that he played "with a finish, a depth of poetic feeling, his whole soul in every note, so ideally, that I have never heard violin-playing like it, and I can truly say that I have never received so indelible an impression from any virtuoso." Later on in 1864 he went to the Hhere Brgerschule' in Karlsruhe and afterwards started an apprenticeship as a bookseller. Clara Schumann . Four months after her youngest brother's birth in January 1824, her mother requested a legal separation. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. In July 1859, she went to London where she taught at the Metcalfe Institute of Music in Hendon (now incorporated into London) until the beginning of 1868. [1] Her mother was a famous singer in Leipzig who performed weekly piano and soprano solos at the Gewandhaus. [31] She planned a second piano concerto, but only a Konzertsatz in F minor from 1847 survived. She became deaf in later life, and she often needed a wheelchair. An image of Clara Schumann from an 1835 lithograph by Andreas Staub was featured on the 100 Deutsche Mark banknote from 1989 to 2002. The Schumann Brothers - IBWiki - frath.net Beginning in 1878, she was an influential piano educator at Dr. Hoch's Konservatorium in Frankfurt, where she attracted international students. Most online reference entries and articles do not have page numbers. This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Clara-Schumann. He was also friends with Johannes Brahms, with whom he worked on the Chopin and Schumann complete editions. She gave concerts and taught, and she did most of the work of organizing her own concert tours. While taking lessons, he rented a room in the Wieck household and stayed about a year. Clara Josephine Schumann ([klaa uman]; ne Wieck; 13 September 1819 - 20 May 1896) was a German pianist, composer, and piano teacher.Regarded as one of the most distinguished pianists of the Romantic era, she exerted her influence over the course of a 61-year concert career, changing the format and repertoire of the piano recital by lessening the importance of purely virtuosic . [72] Five years later, however, when she was 34 in 1853, the year she met Brahms, she engaged in a flurry of composing, resulting in 16 pieces that year: a set of piano variations on an "Album Leaf" of her husband (his Op. [24] A year later, Clara Schumann wrote in her diary that in a concert on 11 November 1845, "little Joachim was very much liked. Two sisters, Louisa and Susanna Pyne, singers and managers of an opera company in England, and a man named Saunders, made all the arrangements. The following day, she played her husband's Piano Concerto with Bargiel conducting. Are there any living descendants of Robert Schumann? The judge allowed the marriage, which took place in Gedchtniskirche Schnefeld[de] in Leipzig-Schnefeld on 12 September 1840, the day before Clara's 21st birthday, when she attained majority status. When he performed, Liszt flailed his arms, tossed his head, and pursed his lips,[88] inspiring a Lisztomania across Europe which has been compared to the Beatlemania of female fans of The Beatles over a century later. She also became the authoritative editor of their works for Breitkopf und Hrtel. [38], In OctoberNovember 1857, Schumann and Joachim went on a recital tour to Dresden and Leipzig. Clara described Eugen Bargiel in July 1842, when he and Woldemar spent the holidays with the Schumanns, as sincere and good-natured; he was a merchant who then emigrated to Romania. Illustration: uDiscoverMusic. 20. On the suggestion of Robert Schumann and with the support of Felix Mendelssohn, he enrolled at the Leipzig Conservatoire in 1846 where he pursued his training with Moritz Hauptmann, Ignaz Moscheles, Julius Rietz, and Niels Wilhelm Gade until 1850. During the 19th century, no pianist dominated the concert stage for a longer period than Clara Schumann. Bitte treffen Sie vor dem Speichern eine Auswahl! [6][51] She held the teaching post until 1892 and contributed greatly to the improvement of modern piano playing technique. Brook, Donald. [101] Possibly the best-known film is Song of Love (1947) starring Katharine Hepburn as Clara, Paul Henreid as Robert, and Robert Walker as Brahms. Siblings and half siblings of Clara Schumanns. She grew up in Leipzig, where both her father Friedrich Wieck and her mother Mariane were pianists and piano teachers. September brings the 200th birthday of a composer whose name is familiar, but whose creative legacy deserves far greater recognition. She demanded two assistants, with her daughters Marie and Eugenie in mind. NY: Summit, 1989, pp. ), German pianist, composer, and wife of composer Robert Schumann. Clara Schumann (/ u m n /; ne Clara Josephine Wieck; 13 September 1819 - 20 May 1896) was a German musician and composer, considered one of the most distinguished composers and pianists of the Romantic era.She exerted her influence over a 61-year concert career, changing the format and repertoire of the piano recital, while also having composed a body of work including various . Famous German concert pianist, composer and music teacher, wife of the composer Robert Schumann, whose innovations in performance during a 60-year career helped to shape the standard modern-day piano repertory. [98][99], Schumann influenced pianists through her teaching, which emphasized expression and a singing tone, with technique subordinated to the intentions of the composer. Clara Wieck Schumann Biography - Childhood, Life Achievements & Timeline He received music lessons from an early age and then became a pupil of Siegfried Wilhelm Dehn in Berlin. From the marriage of Clara Schumanns mother Mariane and Adolph Bargiel: Bargiel, Woldemar (18281897), half-brother. Chicago, IL: University of Illinois Press, 1986, pp. Woldemar Bargiel was the first son from Marianes marriage to the piano and singing teacher Adolph Bargiel and was born in Berlin. They formed a beautiful musical business partnership until his untimely death. 249281. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1985. She then had to practice for two hours every day. 1848), Ferdinand (b. She also composed solo piano pieces, a piano concerto (her Op. [43], Schumann still performed actively in the 1870s and 1880s. She held Anton Bruckner's Seventh Symphony in very low esteem and wrote to Brahms, describing it as "a horrible piece". When it was apparent that Robert was near death, she was finally admitted to see him. Encyclopedias almanacs transcripts and maps, Women in World History: A Biographical Encyclopedia. "Clara Schumann: New Cadenzas for Mozart's Piano Concerto in D Minor. She developed a close friendship with Johannes Brahms, who had been a housefriend and admirer of the Schumanns; but despite his many . Fortunately her relationship with her mother continued to be close, and she was reconciled by this time with her father. Bargiel admired his brother-in-law and his sister very much and dedicated two compositions to them. [46] She rested for the remainder of the year before returning to the concert stage in March 1875. Another daughter, Eugenie, who had been too young when her father died to remember him, wrote a book, Erinnerungen (Memoirs), published in 1925, covering her parents and Brahms.[60][61]. In a marriage which combined two careers with so many children, it was inevitable that some conflicts would arise. B. indem sie Ihre Anmeldedaten speichern, die Videoleistung optimieren oder uns Informationen darber geben, wie unsere Website genutzt wird. Since Robert could not support his large family by composing, Clara performed to help meet their expenses. . Clara Wieck was born on September 13, 1819, in Leipzig. [31] She trained only advanced pupils, mostly young women, while her two daughters gave lessons to beginners. Schumann admired Clara's playing so much that he asked permission from his mother to stop studying law, which had never interested him much, and take music lessons with Clara's father. sibling. On 4 December 1845, she premiered Robert Schumann's Piano Concerto in Dresden. Still, the two siblings reconciled shortly before Alwins death, to Claras great relief.Clara herself promoted Alwin, inter alia, at the piano manufacturing company Grotrian-Steinweg in Braunschweig so that he would receive a price reduction when he bought a new grand piano; she sometimes also spent the summer holidays with him, including the last summer before his death. In 1837, when she was 18, he proposed to her and she accepted. Die von uns eingesetzten und einsetzbaren Cookies stellen wir Ihnen unter dem Link Cookie-Einstellungen in derDatenschutzerklrungvor. Schumann, Clara (1819-1896)Famous German concert pianist, composer and music teacher, wife of the composer Robert Schumann, whose innovations in performance during a 60-year career helped to shape the standard modern-day piano repertory. On October 15, 1837, Clara set off on a tour of Austria, where she risked playing new music by Liszt, Schumann, and Beethoven. May, Florence. Then, copy and paste the text into your bibliography or works cited list. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Now my request is that you should do the same, so that we may see and meet each other in spirit. A lasting friendship developed between Clara and Joseph, which for more than forty years never failed her in things great or small, never wavered in its loyalty. 2019Encyclopedia.com | All rights reserved. Four months after her . Economies of time and money may have been behind some of Clara Schumann's most lasting innovations in the concert hall. [67] Her busiest years as a performer were between 1856 and 1873, after her husband's death. ." [90][91], Partisans led active campaigns with public demonstrations at concerts, writings published in the press denigrating reputations, and other public slights designed to embarrass their adversaries. [50], Banknote, reverse, showing a grand piano that she played, and the building of Dr. Hoch's where she taught. But Robert, the musical public, and reviewers all took Clara's compositions seriously. In 1885, Schumann once again joined Joachim conducting Mozart's Piano Concerto in D minor, again playing her own cadenzas. In addition to the MLA, Chicago, and APA styles, your school, university, publication, or institution may have its own requirements for citations. Romantic Visions of a Classical Masterpiece. When she heard that Liszt and Richard Wagner would be participating in a Beethoven centenary festival in Vienna in 1870, she refused to attend.[11]. [] What saddens me deeply is the fact that Alwin had grieved so terribly in the last months, because he was not mentioned even with a single word in the newspapers on the occasion of my fathers 100th birthday, after he had been so committed to disseminating the method of our father with tireless diligence and had achieved the best results with it. [35], Clara Schumann first toured England in April 1856, while her husband was still living but unable to travel. In her early career, before her marriage, she played the customary bravura pieces designed to showcase the artist's technique, often in the form of arrangements or variations on popular themes from operas, written by virtuosos such as Thalberg, Herz, or Henselt. Clara Josephine Wieck was born in Leipzig, Germany, on September 13, 1819, the oldest child in a musical family.