Sunspots are dark patches that appear on the Suns surface as a result of powerful magnetic activity. the troposphere and the stratosphere. from single stars, is that it provides, a. C) The chromosphere is the source of X rays, and the corona is the source of radio waves. B) 100% hydrogen and helium Very hot material orbiting a black hole. B) When a star contracts in size, gravitational potential energy is converted to thermal energy. A C) The hydrogen gas in the Sun is balanced so that it never rises upward or falls downward. A) The number of sunspots peaks approximately every 11 years. Magnetism is the force that magnets exert when they attract or repel one another. A) they are regions where convection carries cooler material downward. As such, they are transient and not permanent. (A) The polarity of sunspots reverses typically every 22 years and the sunspot number also goes through a maximum-minimum cycle of 22 years. is itchy, painful, red, or bleeding is unusual in color Preventing sunspots You may be able to prevent sunspots on your face by limiting your exposure to UVA and UVB rays. No, sunspots do not always occur in pairs. geog exam 1 Flashcards | Quizlet Once a month b. C) We have learned that the Sun's interior undergoes fusion at a lower rate than we had expected, and that is why we had observed fewer neutrinos than expected. An astronomer plots the HR diagram of a star cluster and finds that, it B) joules A) one year ago. Hydrogen fusion in the Sun requires a temperature (in Kelvin) of Astronomy Hw #19 Flashcards | Quizlet produced As you plunge through the "surface" of the Sun, the photosphere, the temperature will be a slightly cooler 5,800 K, compared to the outer layers, and you will see the slightly cooler regions of sunspots and the granulation on the surface caused by the convection underneath. An ice storm breaks a transmission line and interrupts electric power to a town. will collapse under their own gravity? C B) a slight gravitational contraction of the Sun b. Space weather: What is it and how is it predicted? | Space D) neutrinos from the solar core reach the solar surface easily. B The overall fusion reaction by which the Sun currently produces energy is After observing the Earth's weather patterns and the 11-year sunspot Sunspots tend to occur in cycles that last 11 years and the peak phase of this cycle is often referred to as the Solar Maximum. C) Higher temperature would cause the rate of fusion to fall, decreasing the internal pressure and causing the core to collapse until the rate of fusion returned to normal. the luminosity of stars reaches a peak at around 1 solar mass. B) The chromosphere is the source of infrared light, and the corona is the source of ultraviolet light. Because they are cooler, they emit less thermal radiation per unit area and therefore look dark in contrast to brighter surrounding regions. The interior of the Sun is under such high pressure that it is a, 31. structure, origin, temperature. D) kilograms. Imagine you are plunging into the Sun, starting from Earth. For observers in the Northern Hemisphere, which of the following is true? A) the Sun vibrates only on the surface. a gas shell, the atmosphere of a red giant star, slowly expanding. The first step in the proton-proton chain produces an antielectron, or positron. Which of the following correctly compares the Sun's energy generation process to the energy generation process in human-built nuclear power plants? is B) It is the primary energy generation mechanism in the Sun today. indication of what physical process at work in the Sun? A a measurement of the composition (abundances of elements) inside. Which statement best describes what was called the solar neutrino problem? B) Astronomers create mathematical models that use the laws of physics, the Sun's observed composition and mass, and computers to predict internal conditions. A) the electromagnetic force D What is the evidence for the heliocentric model (sun is the center of List at least two ways the sunspot cycle affects us on Earth. Modelo A Mara (le-les) encantan las pelculas romnticas. Astronomy Chapter 9 Quiz B Flashcards | Chegg.com Main sequence, red giant, planetary nebula, white dwarf: Main sequence, planetary nebula, red giant, white dwarf. A) 4 tons Sunspots appear in cycles, with high numbers of spots occurring during certain periods and low numbers at others. They can produce flares and coronal mass ejections. D) 37,000 K. What is the solar wind? The cycle then repeats for another 11 years with the magnetic poles of the Sun flipped. They tend to cluster at high solar latitudes. Why, then, does it require four protons. which of the following is not true of sunspots? C from Each atom contains electrons, which are charged particles. D) Energy is consumed in the convection zone by the creation of electrons and positrons. They are distributed approximately uniformly over the Sun's surface both in position and in time. C C) This process could not possibly lead to the observed power output of the Sun. Galileo's Daughter: A Historical Memoir of Science, Faith, and Love is a book by Dava Sobel published in 1999. answer choices. d. They increase and decrease in number, relatively regularly. The CFC molecules react with ultraviolet light to release fluorine which then destroys ozone. A high-mass star near the end of its life undergoes successive, cycles A) Nuclear fusion in the Sun's core produces visible light photons. occasionally x rays and visible light. B) the strong wind that blows sunspots around on the surface of the Sun Suppose that, for some unknown reason, the core of the Sun suddenly became hotter. The solar spectrum is a good example of what kind of spectrum? They are cooler than their This problem has been solved! *b. Why do you turn down this excellent offer? Prediction of Amplitude of Solar Cycle 25 using Polar - ResearchGate Because of the electromagnetic force, the two protons will produces photochemical smog. (B), Which of the following is not a reason for the seasons? The neutrinos are of the wrong type (muon neutrinos, instead of. Daylength is longest on the summer solstice and is shortest on the winter solstice. You can do this by:. B) They are all shaped by the solar wind. A The "star" appears to move in a straight line against a, a. (1gallon of water is 8.36 pounds), Question 5 of 20 What is the common cause of sunspots, flares, and prominences? D) 50 billion years. What do we mean when we say that the Sun is in gravitational equilibrium? Only about 1/3 of the expected number of neutrinos is observed. begins to evolve toward the red giant phase? E) They emit light in other wavelengths that we can't see. Typically, the presence of multiple sunspots means an increase in solar activity, which in turn can lead to periods of higher solar flare activity. A) the strong force and the weak force D Sunspots are surface disturbances caused by magnetic storms. B) Solar neutrinos are generated by solar winds, but we're in a solar minimum now, so the risk of damage is very low. A Cepheid variable star with a period of a few days. question Additionally, according to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the amount of energy that sunspots emit is so small that it is impossible to measure here on Earth. What processes are involved in the sunspot cycle? B) 600 tons C) It has played a role throughout the Sun's history, but it was most important right after nuclear fusion began in the Sun's core. A more modern hypothesis was that the Sun shone through the emission of thermal energy resulting from gravitational contraction, but this could only last for about 25 million years, far less than the age of Earth, before the Sun would have contracted to a point. What two physical processes balance each other to create the condition known as gravitational equilibrium in stars? E) The number of solar flares peaks about every 11 years. They are distributed approximately uniformly over the Sun's surface both in position and in time. E) The term solar neutrino problem refers to the fact that neutrinos are extremely difficult to detect. Wayne didn't need a degree in _____ to know that the living version of the beast whose bones he discovered was _____ by human standards of beauty. increase with altitude because of the absorption of ultraviolet radiation. The sun's atmosphere: Photosphere, chromosphere and corona By what process does the Sun generate energy? C) The rate at which fusion occurs would decrease, leading to a contraction of the core, which would in turn cause a further temperature rise. c. Iron nuclei are so large that they occupy all remaining space and, c. *b. E) the weak force. a verification of the Doppler equation for wavelength shift of. D) orange When the Sun is near solar maximum, it undergoes a much higher rate of violent activity in the form of solar flares. C. potassiumhas a lower ionizationenergy than sodium D. However, we detect far fewer than expected. Q. How is the length of a star's lifetime related to the mass of the, *a. B) There are many sunspots visible on the surface of the Sun. structure, origin, evolution Which of the following is true of chlorofluorocarbons? The chromosphere is the layer of the Sun that we see as its visible surface. A Thermonuclear fusion reactions in the core of the Sun convert four, hydrogen D) Neutrinos rarely, if ever, interact with your computer. You can specify conditions of storing and accessing cookies in your browser. Ozone in the lower troposphere A) They are composed of different elements than the rest of the sun. What are coronal holes? 26. rmine the net force on the dam. D) The Sun's gas is on fire like flames from wood or coal, and these flames emit visible light. A "star" image separates into two distinct images periodically, c. increases the temperature to the point where a new nuclear, fusion Describe some of the early theories for why the Sun shines and why they are no longer accepted as viable. Solar sunspots are temporary features on the photosphere of the Sun that appear visibly as dark spots compared to surrounding regions. Sunspots are cooler than the surrounding region of the Sun's surface. Approximately how many neutrinos pass through your body each second? is lost from the atom, and energy is equivalent to mass, c. A) variations in the height of the solar surface How gravity behaves at the densest part of the Sun c. Why the outer layers of the Sun are hotter than the surface d. Why sunspots often appear and disappear in pairs e. Why solar activity seems to follow a cycle C) another name for the force that holds protons together in atomic nuclei. A) remain stationary. Sunspots occur in a regular cycle, with the number of sunspots occurring in any given year peaking and waning. As you approach the Sun, you will enter the corona, an extremely hot layer of gas, but so low in density that you won't really feel how hot it is. ANSWER: Correct Chapter 11 Question 22 Part A Which of the following denotes the divisions of the geologic time scale in correct order of decreasing lengths of time . A) building mathematical models that use the laws of physics However, as geologists and paleontologists found evidence for an ancient Earth, astronomers realized that gravitational collapse could not be the dominant energy source of our Sun today. B) They actually are fairly bright but appear dark against the even brighter background of the surrounding Sun. star, within which planets will eventually form. 8. Solely anthropogenic gases, particles, and other substances in amounts that cause damage to the environment or are harmful to humans. How often is there an increase in sunspot activity? The CFC molecules react with ultraviolet light to release chlorine which then destroys ozone. A) nuclear fission D) Fusion can proceed only by the proton-proton chain, and therefore requires that protons come close enough together to be linked up into a chain. A) several thousand years ago. Select the correct map type or mapping method for the above map. How do we know what is going on in the center of the Sun so well if we cannot see it or send spacecraft to it? Which of the following best describes what would happen? Which of the following is not one of the reasons for Earth's seasonality? C B) Earth's upper atmosphere tends to expand during solar maximum, exerting drag on satellites in low orbits. D C) Convection releases neutrinos, which random walk through the radiation zone. Which of the following best describes air pollution? Galileo's Daughter - Wikipedia Sunspots also appear dark because they are composed primarily of dense, dark-colored photospheric and chromospheric material. are white dwarfs intrinsically so faint? The number of sunspots has been historically linked to the 11-year sunspot cycle, where sunspots peak in intensity approximately every 11 years. Which of the following is true of the September equinox? We also provide a link between extrinsic uncertainty arising in games (e.g. Finally, we can test our knowledge of nuclear physics and the fusion process in the core using observations of solar neutrinos. A) The number of sunspots peaks approximately every 11 years. C) yellow Daylength is longest on the summer solstice and is shortest on the winter solstice, D Therefore, in conclusion, sunspots do not make the Earth hotter. Most choices will fit grammatically and will even make sense logically, but you must choose the pair that best fits the idea of the sentence. While the atmosphere exerts pressure, it is a negligible amount. D) The electron neutrinos created in the Sun's core change into another type of neutrino that we did not detect. C) because they move at nearly the speed of light D) It quickly meets an ordinary electron, forming an electron-positron pair that remains stable. Why are humans and other living things not crushed by the pressure of the atmosphere? A) chromosphere. C Sunspots can be up to 12 times larger than Earth. B) We can make a computer model of the Sun's interior that allow us to predict the observable properties of the Sun. they can produce flares and prominencesc. Geography quiz 2 Flashcards | Quizlet D) 400 million years. D C Sunspots are dark patches on the surface of the Sun caused by strong concentrations of magnetic fields. hotter. A) 70% hydrogen, 28% helium, 2% other elements The sunspot cycle is very steady, so that each 11-year cycle is nearly identical to every other 11-year cycle. *b. when surface temperatures are lower than warmer overlying air. Large, dark sunspots can persist on the Suns face for periods of days or weeks, though smaller ones tend to appear and vanish much faster. D) areas in the corona that allow us to see through to the photosphere 4). It results from chemical reactions with chlorine derived from CFCs. What is the primary source of energy for the Sun?